Logical Reasoning set 10

The logical reasoning, also known as critical thinking or analytic reasoning, involves one's ability to isolate and identify the various components of any given argument.So, it is not a surprise that the logical reasoning questions commonly appear in any placement tests, competitive exams or entrance exams.

1) "How old are you, Alchemerion?" asked one of the wizards appearances the wizards answer with a riddle, "I am still Very young as wizards go.I am only three times my son's age. My father is 40 year more than twice of my age. Together the three of us are a 1240 year old". How old is Alchemerion.

Time:  

A) 60

wrong answer

B) 120

wrong answer

C) 360

right answer

D) 240

wrong answer

solution: C) 360

explanation :

Alchemerion Says "I am only three times my son's age."
Let the age of alchemerion son be x.
so his age is 3x.

My father is 40 year more than twice of my age.
his father's age 40+2(3x)=40+6x

Together the three of us are a 1240 year old
x+3x+40+6x=1240
x=120

Therefore 3*120=360 is Alchemerion age.

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2)A recent murder case centered around the six men: Clam, Flip, Gront, Herm, Mast, and Walt. In one order or another these men were the victim, the murderer, the witness, the police, the judge, and the hangman. The facts of the case were simple. The victim had died instantly from the effect of gunshot wound inflicted by a shot. After a lengthy trial the murderer was convicted, sentenced to death, and hanged.

1. Mast knew both the victim and the murderer.
2. In court the judge asked Clam his account of the shooting.
3. Walt was the last of the six to see Flip alive.
4. The police testified that he picked up Gront near the place where the body was found.
5. Herm and Walt never met.

What role did each of the following play in this melodrama ?
a) Murderer
b) Victim
c) Judge
d) Witness

Time:  

solution: 

From Stat 2:
Clam can’t be Judge, Hangman, Victim.

From Stat 3:
Walt can be the Murderer and Flip the Victim.
Or
Walt can be the Hangman and Flip the Murderer.

From Stat 5:
Walt cannot be the murderer, because, irrespective of who Herm was, Walt would have met
Herm in that case.
Thus, Walt is the Hangman and Flip the Murderer.
Also, as the Victim and the Hangman never met, Herm is the Victim.

Thus, now from Stat 2:
Clam is either the Witness or the Police.

From Stat 5:
Gront is the Witness, since he can’t be the Judge or the Police.
Thus, Clam is the Police.
This leaves only one option for Mast : The Judge.
These role assignments do not contradict any of the given 5 clues.

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3)161?85?65?89=100
then use + or - in place of ? and take + as m,- as n then find value of m-n

Time:  

A) 3

wrong answer

B) -1

right answer

C) 1

wrong answer

D) -3

wrong answer

solution: B) -1

explanation:

use + or - in place of ? so that sum become 100
161-85-65+89=100

number of + to be m and number of - to be n and find m-n
so m=1, n=2

Therefore (m-n)= -1

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4)what is the 8th term in the series 1,4,9,25,35,63

Time:  

A) 262

right answer

B) 68

wrong answer

C) 133

wrong answer

D) 78

wrong answer

solution: 96

explanation:

1st number is (2^1-1) = 1
2nd number is (2^2-0) = 4
3rd number is (2^3+1) = 9
4th number is (2^4+2) = 18
5th number is (2^5+3) = 35
6th number is (2^6+4) = 68
7th number is (2^2-0) = 133
So 8th term is
8th number is (2^8+6) = 262

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5)Directions to Solve:
Arguments that take several parts, typically with two statements which are assumed to be true (or premises) that lead to a conclusion.

1) all pens are pencils.
2) All pencils are ball
3) No pencils are ball.
4) Some pens are pencils
5) All Pencils are Box.
6) All boxes are pens.

Time:  

A) 654

right answer

B) 235

wrong answer

C) 214 

wrong answer

D) 621 

wrong answer

solution: A) 654

explanation:

this is syllogism questions. those who don't know how to sole this type of ques follow this short video

In this type of problems,generally first two are statements and last one is conclusion
now by using option we can solve ...

a) 6 5 4 = All boxes are pens. All Pencils are Box.Some pens are pencils.

hear eliminate common word box from above we left

---> all pens are pencils . & last statement proves that saying some pens are pecils.

Hence answer is 654.

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6)How many five-digit numbers are there, if the two leftmost digits are even, the other digits are odd and the digit 4 cannot appear more than once in the number?

Time:  

A) 1875

wrong answer

B) 2000

wrong answer

C) 2375

right answer

D) 2500

wrong answer

solution:  C) 2375

explanation:

Case 1:when 4 is not present at the leftmost places.
1st digit can be chosen from {2,6,8} because we can't place 0 at first place and we don't want 4 at the leftmost places.Hence we exclude 4 from set of even no.
So, 1st digit is chosen from {2,6,8} in 3 ways.
Each of the remaining 4 digits can be chosen in 5 ways.
So, number of 5 digit numbers = 3*5*5*5*5=1875.

Case 2:when 4 is present at the leftmost digit.
1st digit is 4
so, 2nd digit can be chosen from {0,2,6,8} in 4 ways
Each of the remaining 3 digits can be chosen in 5 ways.
So, number of 5 digit numbers = 1*4*5*5*5=500.

So, total number of 5 digit numbers = 1875+500=2375.

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7)A Lorry Starts From Banglore To Mysore At 6.00 Am, 7.00 Am, 8.00 Am.....10 Pm. Similarly on another side starts from Mysore to Banglore at 6.00 Am, 7.00 Am, 8.00 Am.....10.00 Pm. A Lorry Takes 9 Hours To Travel From Banglore To Mysore And Vice Versa.

(I) A Lorry Which Has Started At 6.00 Am Will Cross How Many Lorries.

 (II) A Lorry Which Had Started At 6.00 Pm Will Cross How Many Lorries.

Time:  

A) 10,14

right answer

B) 10,14

wrong answer

C) 12,14

wrong answer

D) 11,14

wrong answer

solution:  A) 10,14

explanation:

Case I :
It will arrive at its destination at 3 pm so it will cross paths with a lorries that leave before 3 pm ie the ones that leave the destination at 6 am,7 am, 8 am. 9 am 10 am 11 am ,12 noon, 1 pm, 2 pm  and 3 pm.

Thus the no of lorries =10

Case II :
A lorry which has started it journey at 6 p.m from bangalore will come across the following lorries:-
The concerned lorry starting from b'lore at 6 pm will reach mysore at 3am.
a lorry starting at 9 am from mysore will reach b'lore at 6 pm

thus the lorries starting from mysore at 9 am,10 am,11 am,12 pm,1 pm,2 pm,3 pm ,4 pm,5 pm,6 pm, 7 pm,8 pm,9 pm,10 pm  will all cross the concerned lorry.

Thus the no of lorries =14

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8)Olympic Race: 4  Contestants: Alan, Charlie, Darren, And Brain. There Are Two Races And Average Is Taken To Decide The Winner. One Person Comes At The Same Position In Both The Race. Charlie Always Come Before Darren. Brian Comes First Once. Alan Comes Third Atleast Once. Find The Positions. Alan Never Comes Last. Charlie & Darren
Comes 2nd Atleast Once.

Time:  

solution:

4 Contestants: Alan, Charlie, Darren, And Brain

by using condition:Charlie Always Come Before Darren. Brian Comes First Once.Charlie & Darren Comes 2nd At least Once
result
race No 1: 1.brain------2.charlie
race No 2: 1.charlie----2.darren

using condition of alan by alen third in both races
so final result is
race No 1: 1.brain------2.charlie--3.alan-----4.darren
race No 2: 1.charlie----2.darren---3.alan-----4.brain

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9)Five pigeons are sitting on a fence. The farmer comes out and shoots one. How many are left?

Time:  

A) 1

wrong answer

B) 0

right answer

C) 4

wrong answer

D) 3

wrong answer

solution:  B) 0

explanation:

None, the rest flew away at the sound of the gunshot.

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10)Can you name three consecutive days without using the words Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, or Sunday?

Time:  

solution: 

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.

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